Which type of ascenders can sever a rope if used improperly?

The correct choice identifies hard ascenders as the type that can sever a rope if used improperly. Hard ascenders have rigid components that grip the rope firmly, providing efficient upward movement during rescue operations. However, this firm grip can lead to excessive pressure on the rope, especially if the ascender is misused or if the climber falls while attached to it. Such misuse can cause significant abrasion or even cutting through the rope, particularly if the material of the ascender is harsh or if the rope experiences a sudden load.

In contrast, spring-loaded ascenders rely on a mechanical spring to grip the rope, which typically allows for more gentle action and reduces the likelihood of damage under normal operating conditions. Automatic ascenders operate in a way that automatically engages as the user ascends and generally are designed with safety mechanisms to minimize the chance of rope damage. Soft ascenders, made of more flexible materials, do not create as rigid a grip and thus are less likely to cause damage to the rope. Each of these alternatives has features designed to enhance safety and usability, unlike hard ascenders which, due to their construction, pose a higher risk of rope severing if not handled correctly.